Nepali comedy

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गाउँबाट भर्खरै शहर आएका एउटा केटा पसलमा गएछ:
केटा: साहुजी, यहाँ के-के पाइन्छ ?
साहुजी: यहाँ कोक, फेन्टा, पेप्सी... सबै पाइन्छ ।
केटा: त्यसोभए मलाई कोक र पेप्सी गरेर एक पाथी राख्दिनुस न ।

एउटा बालकले आफ्ना बाबासँग सोधेछन्:
बालक: बाबा, फेवाताल कहाँ छ ?
(हतारिँदै) बुबा: छोरा, घरको सबै कुरा तिम्रो आमालाई थाहा हुन्छ, उसैले कतै राखेकी होली ।


दुई प्रेमी प्रेमीका कोठामा बसिरहेका बेला प्रेमीले अकष्मात बत्ती निभाए:
प्रेमीका: तिमीले के गरेको यो ? बत्ती बाल मलाई डर लाग्छ ।
प्रेमी: तिमी नडराउन प्रिय, म छँदै छु नि ।
प्रेमीका: तिमी भएर त डराएको नि ।

नव विवाहित दम्पति शहर जान बस चढेछन्, बसमा भिँडभाँड भएकाले युवकले युवतीलाई अँगालो हालेर उभिएको थियो:
त्यो देखेर कण्डक्टरले भन्यो: ऐ दाई, बस्न नपाए पनि त्यो दिदीलाई राम्रोसँग उभिन त दिनुस् ।
युवक: अगि तपाँईले नै भनेको होईन, आफ्नो सामानको सुरक्षा आफैले गर्नु भनेर ?

श्यामे: मैले मोबाइलमा नम्बर डायल गर्‌यो कि एउटी केटीले मलाई जिस्क्याउँछे यार ।
रामे: हो र ? के भन्छे त ?
श्यामे: तिमी आफै सुन न ।
रामे ले सुन्छ “माफ गर्नुहोला तपाँईले सम्पर्क गर्नुभएको मोवाइलको सुईच अफ गरिएको छ ।“

Celebrities from different countries

Celebrities From COLOMBIA
Catalina Sandino Moreno
Eileen Roca
Fabian Sanchez
Juan Pablo Angel
Juan Pablo Montoya
Katherine Medina
Lianna Grethel
Maria Jose Torrenegra
Paola Turbay
Paula Garces
Shakira
Sofia Vergara
Sonia Uribe
Taliana Vargas


Celebrities From ICELAND
Alexandra Ivarsdottir
Anita Briem
Berglind Icey
Bjork
Unnur Birna

Celebrities From HONG KONG
Edison Chen
Francine Dee
Isabella Leong
Jackie Chan
Ka Yi Cheung
Skye Chan
Stephanie Jacobsen

Celebrities From GREECE
Aikaterini Evangelinou
Angeliki Kalaitzi
Daniela Amavia
Doukissa Nomikou
Elena Paparizou
Paris Latsis
Yanni

Celebrities From GERMANY
Angelina Glass
Anne Katrin Walter
Cascada
Claudia Schiffer
Cosma Shiva Hagen
Diane Kruger
Dirk Nowitzki
Eva Padberg
Franka Potente
Franziska Van Almsick
Gina Lisa Lohfink
Heidi Klum
Janice Behrendt
Katarina Witt
Kristin Lehmann
Lena Gercke
Lukas Podolski
Madina Taher
Martina Gedeck
Michael Ballack
Miroslav Klose
Nadja Auermann
Natalie Horler
Oxana Chusovitina
Pascal Hens
Sabine Ehrenfeld
Tatjana Patitz
Thomas Kretschmann
Xenia Seeberg
Yvonne Catterfeld

Celebrities From GEORGIA
Ana Giorgelashvili
Gvantsa Daraselia
Katie Melua
Khatuna Skhirtladze
Tamar Nemsitsveridze

Celebrities From AFGHANISTAN
Robina Muqimyar

Celebrities From ALBANIA
Egla Harxhi
Elda Dushi
Masiela Lusha
Matilda Mcini
Sadina Alla
Tony Dovolani

Celebrities From ANDORRA
Merche Romero

Celebrities From ANGOLA
Brigith dos Santos
Lesly Pereira
Micaela Reis

Celebrities From ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
Athina James
Stephanie Winter

Celebrities From ARGENTINA
Agustina Quinteros
Belen Francese
Carolina Ardohain
Cecilia Bonelli
Dalma Maradona
Daniela Stucan
Ines Rivero
Javier Mascherano
Jessica Cirio
Keyra Agustina
Lionel Messi
Maria Silvana Belli
Mia Maestro
Noelia Alejandra Bernal
Pamela David
Rocio Guirao Diaz
Sabrina Rojas
Sonya Walger
Yamila Diaz
Yesica Toscanini

Celebrities From ARUBA
Boyoura Martijn
Carolina Raven
Christina Trejo
Tracey Nicolaas

Celebrities From AUSTRALIA
Abbie Cornish
Alex O'Loughlin
Amy Taylor
Andrew Bogut
Anna Rawson
Anna Torv
Bec Cartwright
Brooke Anderson
Cariba Heine
Carlie Butler
Caroline Pemberton
Cate Blanchett
Cate Campbell
Claire Holt
Claudia Black
Dannii Minogue
Delta Goodrem
Dominic Purcell
Eamon Sullivan
Elissa Sursara
Elle Macpherson
Emilie de Ravin
Emily Browning
Emily Scott
Eric Bana
Erin McNaught
Gemma Ward
Heath Ledger
Holly Brisley
Holly Valance
Hugh Jackman
Hugo Weaving
Imogen Bailey
Isla Fisher
Jacinda Barrett
Jason Clarke
Jennifer Hawkins
Jesse Spencer
Jessica Gomes
Jessica Gower
Julian McMahon
Kasia Zachwieja
Katie Richardson
Keith Urban
Kimberley Busteed
Krystal Forscutt
Kylie Minogue
Kym Johnson
Lara Bingle
Laura Dundovic
Leisel Jones
Libby Trickett
Lisa Gleave
Lleyton Hewitt
Mark Philippoussis
Matthew Newton
Megan Gale
Mel Gibson
Melissa George
Michael Johns
Miranda Kerr
Miranda Otto
Naomi Watts
Natalie Imbruglia
Nathalie Kelley
Nick Kosovich
Nicole Kidman
Niki Gudex
Phoebe Tonkin
Poppy Montgomery
Portia De Rossi
Rachael Taylor
Rachel Griffiths
Radha Mitchell
Rose Byrne
Russell Crowe
Ryan Kwanten
Sam Worthington
Simon Baker
Sophie Monk
Stephanie Rice
Teresa Palmer
Toni Collette
Torah Bright
Travis Fimmel
Yvonne Strahovski

Celebrities From AUSTRIA
Arnold Schwarzenegger
Barbara Schett
Christine Reiler
Kathrin Krafuss
Sybil Danning

Celebrities From AZERBAIJAN
Nigar Talibova

Celebrities From BAHAMAS
Anya Watkins
Sacha Scott
Shakara Ledard
Tinnyse Johnson
Trinere Lynes

Celebrities From BANGLADESH
Tannishtha Chatterjee

Celebrities From BARBADOS
Jewel Garner
Natalie Griffith
Rihanna

Celebrities From BERMUDA
Heather Nova

Celebrities From BELGIUM
Alizee Poulicek
Annelien Coorvetis
Anouck Lepere
Cecile De France
Halima Chehaima
Ingrid Vandebosch
Jessica van der Steen

Celebrities From BELIZE
Arlen Escarpeta
Charmaine Chinapen
Felicita Arzu
Maria Jeffery

Celebrities From BENIN
Djimon Hounsou

Celebrities From BELARUS
Alena Aladka
Olga Hizinkova
Tanya Dziahileva
Victoria Azarenka

Celebrities From BOLIVIA
Jackelin Arias
Jessica Jordan Burton
Kate David
Sandra Hernandez Saavedra

Celebrities From BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Gordana Tomic
Ivana Milicevic
Olja Hrustic
Tanja Vujicic

Celebrities From BOTSWANA
Itseng Kgomotso
Malebogo Marumoagae
Mpule Kwelagobe

Celebrities From BRAZIL
Adriana Lima
Adriano
Alessandra Ambrosio
Alice Braga
Aline Nakashima
Ana Hickmann
Ana Beatriz Barros
Ana Paula Araujo
Anderson Silva
Bia Feres
Branca Feres
Caroline de Souza Correa
Caroline Trentini
Daniella Sarahyba
Fernanda Motta
Fernanda Tavares
Gianne Albertoni
Gisele Bundchen
Helio Castroneves
Izabel Goulart
Jana Ina
Jeisa Chiminazzo
Kaka
Lisalla Montenegro
Maiara Walsh
Marta Vieira da Silva
Michelle Alves
Milene Domingues
Morena Baccarin
Natalia Anderle
Natalia Guimaraes
Raica Oliveira
Raquel Zimmermann
Regiane Andrade
Roberto Carlos
Robinho
Ronaldinho
Ronaldo
Tamara Almeida
Tiazinha
Tony Kanaan
Yasmin Brunet

Celebrities From BULGARIA
Albena Denkova
Dimitar Berbatov
Gergana Kochanova
Julia Yurevich
Nina Dobrev
Paolina Racheva
Stanislav Ianevski

Celebrities From CANADA
A.J. Cook
Aaron Douglas
Alanis Morissette
Alessandro Juliani
Amanda Tapping
Amanda Walsh
Amelia Cooke
Ashley Leggat
Avril Lavigne
Bianca Beauchamp
Bree Williamson
Brooke D'Orsay
Cameron Mathison
Caroline Dhavernas
Caroline Rhea
Carrie-Anne Moss
Cassie Steele
Celine Dion
Cobie Smulders
Coco Rocha
Colin Ferguson
Corey Sevier
Daniel Cudmore
Daniel Powter
David James Elliott
Deanna Johnston
Diana Krall
Douglas Smith
Dustin Milligan
Edith Labelle
Elisha Cuthbert
Ellen Page
Emily VanCamp
Emmanuelle Chriqui
Emmanuelle Vaugier
Eric Johnson
Eric Lindros
Erica Durance
Estella Warren
Evangeline Lilly
Fefe Dobson
Forbes March
Gina Holden
Gloria Reuben
Grace Park
Gregory Smith
Hayden Christensen
Hazel Mae
Howie Mandel
Inga Skaya
Jamie Sale
Jay Baruchel
Jayde Nicole
Jennifer Finnigan
Jennifer Irwin
Jessalyn Gilsig
Jessica Lucas
Jessica Pare
Jewel Staite
Jill Hennessy
Jillian Reynolds
Jim Carrey
Joanne Kelly
Kandyse McClure
Karen Cliche
Kari Matchett
Kathleen Robertson
Keanu Reeves
Kelly Rowan
Kerri-Lee Halkett
Kim Cattrall
Kristin Kreuk
Kristin Lehman
Laura Regan
Laura Vandervoort
Lauren Lee Smith
Leah Ryerse
Lexa Doig
Leyla Milani
Linda Evangelista
Lisa Ray
Lloyd Eisler
Lucas Bryant
Mario Lemieux
Martha MacIsaac
Megan Park
Melissa Auf Der Maur
Melyssa Ford
Mia Kirshner
Michael Buble
Michael Cera
Michael Shanks
Mike Myers
Missy Peregrym
Molly Parker
Montreal Expos
Morgan Webb
Nadine Bryan Afari
Natalie Appleton
Natalie Glebova
Natasha Henstridge
Nathan Fillion
Nelly Furtado
Neve Campbell
Nickelback
Nicole Appleton
Pamela Anderson
Paulo Costanzo
Rachel Blanchard
Rachel Luttrell
Rachel McAdams
Rachel Perry
Rachelle Lefevre
Rainbow Sun Francks
Ryan Gosling
Ryan Reynolds
Samantha Tajik
Sandra Oh
Sara Ghulam
Sarah Burke
Sarah Carter
Sarah Chalke
Sarah McLachlan
Sarah Polley
Scott Speedman
Shania Twain
Shannon Tweed
Shaun Benson
Shaun Sipos
Shawn Ashmore
Shenae Grimes
Simple Plan
Skye Sweetnam
Stana Katic
Steve Nash
Sum 41
Suzie McNeil
Tahmoh Penikett
Tamara Taylor
Tanith Belbin
Teryl Rothery
Thea Andrews
Thea Gill
Tom Cavanagh
Tom Green
Toronto Blue Jays
Toronto FC
Toronto Raptors
Torri Higginson
Tricia Helfer
Tyler Labine
Vanessa Lengies
Victor Webster
Victoria Pratt
Vincent Lecavalier
Wayne Gretzky
Will Arnett
Will Sasso
Will.i.am
William Shatner
Yasmeen Ghauri

Celebrities From CHILE
Bernardita Zuniga Huesbe
Cote de Pablo
Cristian de la Fuente
Leonor Varela
Nataly Chilet
Santiago Cabrera

Celebrities From COLOMBIA
Catalina Sandino Moreno
Eileen Roca
Fabian Sanchez
Juan Pablo Angel
Juan Pablo Montoya
Katherine Medina
Lianna Grethel
Maria Jose Torrenegra
Paola Turbay
Paula Garces
Shakira
Sofia Vergara
Sonia Uribe
Taliana Vargas

Celebrities From COSTA RICA
Amalia Matamoros
Maria Theresa Rodriguez
Veronica Gonzalez
Wendy Cordero Sanchez

Celebrities From COTE D'IVOIRE
Didier Drogba

Celebrities From CROATIA
Blanka Vlasic
Goran Visnjic
Jelena Dokic
Jelena Maros
Josipa Kusic
Luka Modric
Nina Moric
Severina Vuckovic
Snjezana Loncarevic
Tajana Jeremic

Celebrities From CUBA
David Fumero
Dayron Robles
Jose Contreras
Mayra Veronica

Celebrities From CYPRUS
Anna Vissi
Dimitra Sergiou
Dora Anastasiou
Mari Vasileiou

Celebrities From CZECH REPUBLIC
Alena Seredova
Daniela Pestova
Denise Milani
Eliska Buckova
Eva Herzigova
Hana Soukupova
Jana Defi
Karolina Kurkova
Katerina Sokolova
Lucie Hadasova
Nicole Vaidisova
Paulina Porizkova
Pavel Nedved
Petra Nemcova
Roman Sebrle
Tatana Kucharova
Veronica Varekova
Veronica Zemanova
Zdenka Podkapova
Zuzana Jandova

Celebrities From DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
Christelle Ndila

Celebrities From DENMARK
Caroline Wozniacki
Connie Nielsen
Helena Christensen
Line Kruuse
Lisa Lents
Mads Mikkelsen
Maria Sten-Knudsen
May Andersen
Rie Rasmussen
Zaklina Sojic

Celebrities From DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Ada De La Cruz
Albert Pujols
Alfonso Soriano
Amelia Vega
Claudia Cruz
Dania Ramirez
David Ortiz
Hanley Ramirez
Jose Reyes
Kat DeLuna
Manny Ramirez
Marianne Cruz Gonzalez
Massiel Taveras
Miguel Tejada
Nathali Montes de Oca
Pedro Martinez
Vladimir Guerrero

Celebrities From ECUADOR
Domenica Saporiti
Lugina Cabezas
Marjorie Cevallos
Valeska Saab Gomez

Celebrities From EGYPT
Ehsan Hatem El Kirdany
Yara Naoum

Celebrities From EL SALVADOR
Gabriela Gavidia
Lisette Rodriguez
Rebeca Moreno
Silvia Melhado Rodriguez

Celebrities From ENGLAND
Abbi Tatton
Abi Titmuss
Abigail Clancy
Adele Silva
Agyness Deyn
Aisleyne Horgan-Wallace
Alison Carroll
Amanda Holden
Amelle Berrabah
Amy Nuttall
Amy Winehouse
Angela Saunders
Anna Friel
Anna Popplewell
Anna Walton
Arctic Monkeys
Arsenal F.C.
Ashley Cole
Aston Villa
Ben Barnes
Ben Miles
Bianca Gascoigne
Billie Piper
Billy Joe Saunders
Blackburn Rovers
Bonnie Wright
Callum Blue
Calvin Goldspink
Cara Brett
Carmen Ejogo
Cat Deeley
Charlie Cox
Charlie Hunnam
Charlie O'Neale
Chelsea F.C.
Cheryl Cole
China Chow
Chiwetel Ejiofor
Chris Martin
Christopher Eccleston
Christopher Lee
Claire Forlani
Clive Owen
Coldplay
Corinne Bailey Rae
Craig David
Daniel Craig
Daniel Radcliffe
Danielle Lloyd
David Beckham
David Bentley
David Bowie
David Hewlett
David Morrissey
Davina McCall
Davinia Taylor
Denise Van Outen
Dido
Dominic Monaghan
Ed Sanders
Ed Westwick
Elizabeth Hurley
Ellie Lawson
Elton John
Emilia Fox
Emily Blunt
Emily Mortimer
Emily Parr
Emma Bunton
Emma Griffiths
Emma Watson
Eric Clapton
Estelle
Everton FC
Fearne Cotton
Frank Lampard
Freddie Highmore
Freema Agyeman
Gabrielle Anwar
Gavin Rossdale
Gemma Arterton
Gemma Atkinson
Gemma Bissix
Georgia Horsley
Georgie Henley
Georgie Thompson
Georgina Walker
Geri Halliwell
Gina Bellman
Girls Aloud
Gorillaz
Hannah Spearritt
Hayley Atwell
Heather Mills
Heidi Range
Helena Bonham Carter
Holly McGuire
Holly Willoughby
Hugh Bonneville
Hugh Dancy
Hugh Grant
Hugh Laurie
Imogen Gray
Indira Varma
Jack Davenport
Jack Osbourne
Jaime Murray
Jakki Degg
James Blunt
James Callis
James McCourt
James Purefoy
Jamie Bamber
Jamie Cullum
Jane March
Jane Seymour
Jason Statham
Jennifer Ellison
Jennifer Metcalfe
Jenny Frost
Jessica Brooks
Jim Sturgess
Jo Frost
Jo Guest
Jo O'Meara
Jodi Albert
Jodie Marsh
Joe Cole
Joely Richardson
John Terry
Jonny Lee Miller
Joss Stone
Jude Law
Julie Cox
Karen Elson
Kate Beckinsale
Kate Isitt
Kate Moss
Kate Winslet
Katie Downes
Katie Price
Katie-Marie Cork
Keane
Keeley Hazell
Keira Knightley
Keisha Buchanan
Kelly Brook
Kelly Osbourne
Kerry Katona
Kimberley Walsh
Kitty Lea
Lady Sovereign
Laura Coleman
Lauren Pope
Led Zeppelin
Lee Neville
Leilani Dowding
Len Goodman
Lena Headey
Lennox Lewis
Leona Lewis
Lewis Hamilton
Lily Allen
Lily Cole
Lily Donaldson
Lindsey Strutt
Lisa Snowdon
Liverpool F.C.
Lloyd Owen
Louisa Lytton
Louise Glover
Louise Redknapp
Luci Victoria
Lucy Becker
Lucy Clarkson
Lucy Pinder
Lucy Punch
Madison Welch
Manchester City
Manchester United
Mark Frankel
Marsha Thomason
Martine McCutcheon
Matt Grant
Matthew Goode
Matthew MacFadyen
Matthew Marsden
Max Pirkis
Melanie Brown
Melanie C
Melinda Messinger
Michael Bisping
Michael Owen
Michelle Marsh
Michelle Ryan
Middlesbrough FC
Millie Clode
Ms. Dynamite
Myleene Klass
Naomi Campbell
Naomie Harris
Natalia Tena
Natalie Dormer
Natalie Sawyer
Natascha McElhone
Natasha Bedingfield
Natasha Richardson
Naveen Andrews
Nell McAndrew
Newcastle United
Nicci Campen
Nicola McLean
Nicola Roberts
Nicola Tappenden
Nicollette Sheridan
Nigella Lawson
Nikkala Stott
Oasis
Olivia Williams
Orlando Bloom
Owain Yeoman
Ozzy Osbourne
Parminder Nagra
Paul Bettany
Paula Radcliffe
Pete Doherty
Polly Walker
Portsmouth FC
Prince Harry Windsor
Prince William Windsor
Rachael Stirling
Rachel Shelley
Rachel Stevens
Rachel Weisz
Radiohead
Ralph Fiennes
Ray Stevenson
Rebecca Hall
Rhian Sugden
Rhona Mitra
Richard Coyle
Rick Astley
Ricky Gervais
Ricky Hatton
Robbie Williams
Robert Pattinson
Robson Green
Romola Garai
Rosamund Pike
Rupert Grint
Russell Brand
Sacha Baron Cohen
Sadie Frost
Saffron Burrows
Sally Hawkins
Sam Cooke
Samantha Morton
Samantha Ronson
Sammy Braddy
Sarah Alexander
Sarah Brightman
Sarah Harding
Seal
Sean Bean
Sean Maguire
Sharon Osbourne
Sienna Guillory
Sienna Miller
Simon Cowell
Simon Pegg
Sir Alec Guinness
Skandar Keynes
Sophia Myles
Sophie Anderton
Sophie Ellis-Bextor
Sophie Howard
Sophie Okonedo
Sophie Reade
Stacey Hayes
Stephen Moyer
Steve Coogan
Steven Gerrard
Sting
Sunderland A.F.C.
Susie Amy
Tamara Ecclestone
Tamzin Outhwaite
Terri Seymour
Tess Daly
The Beatles
The Who
The Rolling Stones
Theo Walcott
Thom Yorke
Tim Vincent
Tobias Menzies
Tom Daley
Tom Felton
Tottenham Hotspur
Twiggy
Vanessa Angel
Vanessa Layton-McIntosh
Victoria Beckham
Vikki Blows
Vinnie Jones
Wayne Rooney
West Ham United
William Moseley

Celebrities From ESTONIA
Carmen Kass
Julia Kovaljova
Kadi Sizask
Tiiu Kuik
Triinu Kivilaan
Viktoria Azovskaja

Celebrities From ETHIOPIA
Haile Gebrselassie
Hibret Fekadu
Liya Kebede
Mihret Abebe

Celebrities From GIBRALTAR
Danielle Perez
Krystel Robba

Celebrities From GUADELOUPE
Frederika Charpentier
Nancy Fleurival

Celebrities From GUATEMALA
Alida Boer
Hamy Tejada Funes
Jennifer Chiong
Maribel Arana

Celebrities From ICELAND
Alexandra Ivarsdottir
Anita Briem
Berglind Icey
Bjork

Celebrities From INDIA
Aishwarya Rai
Bipasha Basu
Deepti Daryanani
Ishaa Koppikar
Lara Dutta
Mallika Sherawat
Padma Lakshmi
Parvathy Omanakuttan
Priya Rai
Priyanka Chopra
Puja Gupta
Rupak Ginn
Sania Mirza
Shilpa Shetty
Simran Kaur Mundi
Sushmita Sen
Vikas Khanna

Celebrities From IRELAND
Aiden McGeady
Allison Doody
Andrea Corr
Andrea Roche
Angeline Ball
Anthony Stokes
Blathnaid McKenna
Bono
Brian McFadden
Brian O'Driscoll
Caitriona Balfe
Carly Smithson
Carrie McGowan
Chloe Agnew
Cillian Murphy
Colin Farrell
Damien Duff
Daniel Day Lewis
Deirdre Shannon
Dolores O'Riordan
Emma Ledden
Enya
Evanna Lynch
Fiona Ryan
Glenda Gilson
Grainne Seoige
Jasmine Guinness
Jason O'Mara
Jonathan Rhys-Meyers
Katy French
Kerry Condon
Kevin Doyle
Lisa Kelly
Lynn Hilary
Lynn Kelly
Mairead Nesbitt
Meav Ni Mhaolchatha
Orla Fallon
Paddy Casey
Padraig Harrington
Pierce Brosnan
Robbie Keane
Roisin Murphy
Ronan Keating
Ronan O'Gara
Rosanna Davison
Roy Keane
Samantha Mumba
Saoirse Ronan
Sarah Bolger
Sarah Morrissey
Shane Filan
Sile Seoige
Sinead Noonan
Sinead O'Connor
Sligo Rovers
Stuart Townsend

Celebrities From JAMAICA
April Jackson
Asafa Powell
Brittany Lyons
Carla Campbell
Damian Marley
Sean Kingston
Sean Paul
Shelly-Ann Fraser
Usain Bolt
Veronica Campbell-Brown
Zahra Redwood

Celebrities From JAPAN
Aki Hoshino
Akira Lane
Ami Onuki
Ayumi Hamasaki
Daisuke Matsuzaka
Eriko Sato
Fumie Suguri
Hideki Matsui
Hiroko Mima
Ichiro Suzuki
Kazuo Matsui
Keiko Kitagawa
Kohei Uchimura
Kosuke Fukudome
Kurara Chibana
Masi Oka
Miki Ando
Miwa Asao
Mizuki Kubodera
Reina Tanaka
Rinko Kikuchi
Riyo Mori
Ryoko Tani
Sayaka Isoyama
Shizuka Arakawa
Shunsuke Nakamura
Tadanobu Asano
Takeru Kobayashi
Yoko Matsugane
Youki Kudoh
Yu Darvish
Yumi Yoshimura

Celebrities From JERSEY
Henry Cavill

Celebrities From KENYA
Catherine Ndereba
Edi Gathegi
Martin Lel
Mary Oyaya
Ruth Kinuthia
Zain Verjee

Celebrities From LATVIA
Ina Avlasevica
Inga Drozdova
Inguna Butane

Celebrities From LEBANON
Haifa Wehbe
Nadine Njeim
Rosarita Tawil

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ग्राहक:-यदि मैले यो चिठ्ठी आज पोष्ट गरे भने पर्सी र पोखरा पुग्छ नि हैन?
पोष्ट मास्टर:- जरुर, किन नपुग्नु।
ग्राहक:-म बाजी राखछु यो पुग्दैन।
पोष्ट मास्टर:- किन पुग्दैन?
ग्राहक:- किनकि यसको ठेगाना काठमाण्डौको छ।


बाख्रा र सुङगुरको बस्ने ठाऊ नभएकोले गर्दा उनिहरुले शिवजीको तपस्या गरेछन्। शिवजी प्रसन्न भएर प्रकट हुनुभएछ र सोध्नु भयो:- मेरा प्यारा बालक, तिमीहरुलाई के आपत पर्यो?
सुङगुर:-हामीलाई बस्नको लागि खोर भएन। हामीलाई दया गर्नुहोस्।
शिवजी:- ल! मैले बनाइदिएको त्यत्रो खोर कै त?
बाख्रा:- त्यो त प्रकाश ओझाले भत्काइदियो नि।

शिक्षक:- तलाई गधा ! यति पनि आउदैन?
राम:- सर पनि खाली गधा गधा मात्र भन्नुहुन्छ, कहिले पनि राम भनेर बोलाउनुहुन्न।
(अर्को दिन सरको अगाडी डाक्टर लिएर आउछ)
नमस्ते सर!
शिक्षक:- अनिँ त गधाले चाँहि डाक्टर किन बोलाको नि?
राम:- के गर्नु सर तपाई मलाई गधा मात्र देख्नुहुन्छ, त्यहि भएर तपाईको आँखा देखाउन ल्याएको नि।


बिद्यार्थी:- सर मलाई जसरी भएपनि पास गराइदिनुहोस्। अहिले पास भइन भने मेरो त जहाजै डुब्छ।
शिक्षक:- स्कुल आउदा लुरुलुरु हिडेर आउछौ, साइकल त छैन तिम्रो जहाज डोब्छ भन्छौ?

जज:- तिमीलाई पटक पटक अदालतमा आउन लाज लाग्दैन?
चोर:- हजुर म त कहिले काही मात्र आउछु, तर तपाइ त दिनदनै आउनु हुन्छ, लाज त तपाईलाई लाग्नु पर्ने हो नि।

चौकीदार:- तँ आप चोर्छस् तेरो घरमा गएर तेरो बुबालाई भनिदिउ?
केटो:- बुबा घरमा भेटिनुहुन्न! बुबा पनि छिमेकीको आँप टिप्दै हुनुहुन्छ।


शिक्षक:- ल भन त दिपेश, राम किन वनबास गएका थिए?
दिपेश:- सर काठ चिर्न गएका होलान् नि त।


प्रेमिकाले प्रभावको छातीमा हात राखदै भनिछ:- तिम्रो दिल त पथ्थर जस्तै कडा रहेछ।
प्रेमी:- (हास्दै):- हिइन डार्लिङ तिम्रो हात त मेरो गोजीमा भएको लाइटरमा छ।


दुईजना मन्त्रीहरु हेलिकप्टरमा बसेर बाढीग्रस्त क्षेत्रको निरिक्षण गरिरहेका थिए।
पहिलो मन्त्री:- यदि मैले यहाँबाट ५०० को नोट फ्याके भने ति पिडित जनताहरु कति खुसी होलान् हगि?
दोस्रो मन्त्री:- मैले पि यहाँबाट १००० को नोट फ्याँके भने झन् जनता कति खुसी होलान्।
(दुबै मन्त्रीको कुरा सुनेर पाइलटलाई ज्यादै रिस उठेछ र झोकिदैँ) भनेछ:- यदि मैले तपाईहरु दुबैलाई यहाबाट फ्याकेँ भने ति जनताहरु सबैभन्दा बढि खुसी होलान्।


कृष्ण :- मलाई आज भोली निन्द्रा नै लाग्दैन यार ।
रमेश :- अँ..!, त्यसो भए तिमी एउटा उपाय गर ।
कृष्ण :- के छ त्यस्तो उपाय ?
रमेश :- तिमी राती जहिल्यै आधा-आधा घण्टामा हुस्की पिउने गर ।
कृष्ण :- किन नि ?
रमेश :- तिमी कमसे कम आधा घण्टा त सुत्न पाउँछौ ।


बिरामी : डाक्टरसाप ! मेरो आँखाको अगाडि दाग देखाईदिनुस न ।
डाक्टर : किन, तिम्रो चश्माले राम्रो देखिरहेको छैन ?
बिरामी : हैन सर ! मेरो चश्माले दागलाई पनि सफा बनाएर देखाईरहेको छ ।


एउटा मानिस रेष्टुरामा बसेर पिउदै थियो। उ जति पिउदै जान्थ्यो उति नै पर्सबाट आफ्नो स्वास्नीको फोटो निकाल्दै
हेर्थ्यो। एक पेग स्वाट्ट पार्थ्यो अनि फेरी पर्सबाट आफ्नो स्वास्नीको फोटो निकालेर हेर्थ्यो। त्यो अघी देखी हेरिरहेको मान्छेले अचम्ममा पर्दै सोध्यो:- किन तिमी एक पेग लिन्छौ, अनि फोटो हेर्छौ, अनि फेरी पिउन सुरु गर्छौ, यो के गरेको?
पिउने मान्छे:- वास्तबमा यो मेरो स्वास्नीको फोटो हो, जब मलाई उ राम्री लाग्छे अनि मात्र म घर जान्छु।


एक बृद्दा अस्पतालमा चेकअप गर्न गईन र एउटा जवान डाक्टरले उनीलाई क्याबिन मा लगेर चेकअप गर्न थाल्यो तर अचानक बृद्दा चिच्याउदै बाहिर आई। त्यो देखेर सिनियर डाक्टरले सबै कुरा बुझ्न चाहयो र त्यसपछि जवान डाक्टरलाई हकार्दै भन्यो:- तपाईको दिमाग ठिक मा त छ, तपाई ६५ बर्षको बृद्दालाई गर्भवति भन्दै हुनु हुन्छ?
जुनियर डाक्टर:- सर म कर गरु, उहाको बाडुली रोक्ने अर्को उपाया नै मसँग थिएन।


आमा:- हेर छोरी त यती राम्री छस् कि म तेरो बिहे कुनै ठुलो घरमा गरिदिन्छु।
छोरी:- आमा मेरो बिहे सानो घरमा नै गरिदिनु, आखिरमा सफा त मैले नै गर्नु पर्छ नि हैन।


ग्राहक चकित हुदै:- तिमिले कसरी म यो होटलमा पहिलो चोटी आएको हो भनेर थहा पायौ?
वेटर:- यहा जो एक चोटी खाना खाएर जान्छ दोस्रो पल्ट फर्केर कहिल्लै आउदैन।


पसलमा एउटा मान्छे आएर कहिले यो सामान त कहिले त्यो सामान उठाएर हेर्दै राखछ। त्यो देखेर साउजीलाई वाक्क लाग्छ ।पसलेले:- आखिर तपाईलाई के चाहिएको हो?
मान्छे:- मौका


पुत्र (पितासँग):- पिता जि मलाई एउटा ढोल किनिदिनुहोस न।
पिता:- हुदैन छोरा, तैले मलाई ढोल बजाएर वाक्क लगाउछस्।
पुत्र :- लगाउदिन बुबा, म तपाई निदाएको बेला बजाउछु नि।


पत्नी:- यदि तपाइ मसँग सपिङको लागी जानु हुन्छ भने, म पनि जान्न ।
पति (खुसी हुदै):- किन र तिमीलाई मेरो साथ जान रमाइलो लाग्छ हो?
पत्नी:- मलाई त्यस्तो रमाइलो समाइलो हैन कि , त्यहा सपिङ सेन्टरमा सामान उठाउने कोही पनि हुदैन।

magnaee budaa: I am so miser (kanjoos) that I went alone for my honeymoon and saved half the money.
Mundre: That is nothing, I saved full money. I sent my wife for honeymoon with a friend.


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An A-Z Index of the SQL Server 2005 database

An A-Z Index of the SQL Server 2005 database
Aggregate
- CREATE AGGREGATE
- DROP AGGREGATE
Application Role
- CREATE APPLICATION ROLE
- ALTER APPLICATION ROLE
- DROP APPLICATION ROLE
Assembly
- CREATE ASSEMBLY
- ALTER ASSEMBLY
- DROP ASSEMBLY

ALTER AUTHORIZATION

BACKUP
BACKUP CERTIFICATE
BEGIN [DIALOG [CONVERSATION]]

Certificate - ALTER CERTIFICATE
- CREATE CERTIFICATE
- DROP CERTIFICATE
CHECKPOINT
COMMIT
Contract - CREATE CONTRACT
- DROP CONTRACT
Credential - CREATE CREDENTIAL
- ALTER CREDENTIAL
- DROP CREDENTIAL

Database - CREATE DATABASE
- ALTER DATABASE
- DROP DATABASE
DBCC CHECKALLOC - Check consistency of disk allocation.
DBCC CHECKCATALOG - Check catalog consistency
DBCC CHECKCONSTRAINTS - Check integrity of table constraints.
DBCC CHECKDB - Check allocation, and integrity of all objects.
DBCC CHECKFILEGROUP - Check all tables and indexed views in a filegroup.
DBCC CHECKIDENT - Check identity value for a table.
DBCC CHECKTABLE - Check integrity of a table or indexed view.
DBCC CLEANTABLE - Reclaim space from dropped variable-length columns.
DBCC dllname - Unload a DLL from memory.
DBCC DROPCLEANBUFFERS - Remove all clean buffers from the buffer pool.
DBCC FREE... CACHE - Remove items from cache.
DBCC HELP - Help for DBCC commands.
DBCC INPUTBUFFER - Display last statement sent from a client to a database instance.
DBCC OPENTRAN - Display information about recent transactions.
DBCC OUTPUTBUFFER - Display last statement sent from a client to a database instance.
DBCC PROCCACHE - Display information about the procedure cache
DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS - Display the current distribution statistics
DBCC SHRINKDATABASE - Shrink the size of the database data and log files.
DBCC SHRINKFILE - Shrink or empty a database data or log file.
DBCC SQLPERF - Display transaction-log space statistics. Reset wait and latch statistics.
DBCC TRACE... - Enable or Disable trace flags
DBCC UPDATEUSAGE - Report and correct page and row count inaccuracies in catalog views
DBCC USEROPTIONS - Return the SET options currently active
DBCC deprecated commands
DECLARE
Default - CREATE DEFAULT
- DROP DEFAULT
DELETE
DENY - DENY Object permissions
- DENY User/Role permissions
Endpoint - CREATE ENDPOINT
- ALTER ENDPOINT
- DROP ENDPOINT
Event - CREATE EVENT NOTIFICATION
- DROP EVENT NOTIFICATION
EXECUTE
EXECUTE AS

Fulltext Catalog - CREATE FULLTEXT CATALOG
- ALTER FULLTEXT CATALOG
- DROP FULLTEXT CATALOG
Fulltext Index - CREATE FULLTEXT INDEX
- ALTER FULLTEXT INDEX
- DROP FULLTEXT INDEX
Function - CREATE FUNCTION
- ALTER FUNCTION
- DROP FUNCTION

GO
GRANT - GRANT Object permissions
- GRANT User/Role permissions

Index - CREATE INDEX
- ALTER INDEX
- DROP INDEX
INSERT
iSQL -U user -P password -i script.sql -o logfile.log

Key - CREATE ASYMMETRIC KEY - ALTER ASYMMETRIC KEY
- DROP ASYMMETRIC KEY
- CREATE SYMMETRIC KEY
- OPEN SYMMETRIC KEY - CLOSE SYMMETRIC KEY
- ALTER SYMMETRIC KEY
- DROP SYMMETRIC KEY
KILL
KILL QUERY NOTIFICATION
KILL STATS JOB

Login - CREATE LOGIN
- ALTER LOGIN
- DROP LOGIN

Master Key - CREATE MASTER KEY
- ALTER MASTER KEY - BACKUP MASTER KEY
- DROP MASTER KEY
- RESTORE MASTER KEY
- ALTER SERVICE MASTER KEY - BACKUP SERVICE MASTER KEY
- RESTORE SERVICE MASTER KEY
Message Type - CREATE MESSAGE TYPE
- ALTER MESSAGE TYPE
- DROP MESSAGE TYPE

Partition Function - CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION
- ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION
- DROP PARTITION FUNCTION
Partition Scheme - CREATE PARTITION SCHEME
- ALTER PARTITION SCHEME
- DROP PARTITION SCHEME
Procedure - CREATE PROCEDURE
- ALTER PROCEDURE
- DROP PROCEDURE

Queue - CREATE QUEUE
- ALTER QUEUE
- DROP QUEUE

Remote Service Binding - CREATE REMOTE SERVICE BINDING
- ALTER REMOTE SERVICE BINDING
- DROP REMOTE SERVICE BINDING

RESTORE - RESTORE DATABASE Complete
RESTORE DATABASE Partial
RESTORE DATABASE Files
RESTORE LOGS
RESTORE DATABASE_SNAPSHOT
RESTORE FILELISTONLY - List database and log files
RESTORE HEADERONLY - List backup header info
RESTORE LABELONLY - Media info
RESTORE REWINDONLY - Rewind and close tape device
RESTORE VERIFYONLY
REVERT
REVOKE - REVOKE Object permissions
- REVOKE User/Role permissions
Role - CREATE ROLE
- ALTER ROLE
- DROP ROLE
ROLLBACK
Route - CREATE ROUTE
- ALTER ROUTE
- DROP ROUTE

Schema - CREATE SCHEMA
- ALTER SCHEMA
- DROP SCHEMA
SELECT
SEND
SERVERPROPERTY
Service - CREATE SERVICE
- ALTER SERVICE
- DROP SERVICE
SESSION_USER
SESSIONPROPERTY
SET @local_variable
SET
SHUTDOWN
Signature - ADD SIGNATURE
- DROP SIGNATURE
Statistics - CREATE STATISTICS
- UPDATE STATISTICS
- DROP STATISTICS

Synonym - CREATE SYNONYM
- DROP SYNONYM

Table - CREATE TABLE
- ALTER TABLE
- DROP TABLE
- TRUNCATE TABLE
Transaction - BEGIN DISTRIBUTED TRANSACTION
- BEGIN TRANSACTION
- COMMIT TRANSACTION
Trigger - CREATE TRIGGER
- ALTER TRIGGER - ENABLE TRIGGER - DISABLE TRIGGER
- DROP TRIGGER
Type - CREATE TYPE
- DROP TYPE

UNION
UPDATE
User - CREATE USER
- ALTER USER
- DROP USER
USE

View - CREATE VIEW
- ALTER VIEW
- DROP VIEW

XML Schema Collection - CREATE XML SCHEMA COLLECTION
- ALTER XML SCHEMA COLLECTION
- DROP XML SCHEMA COLLECTION

Programmatic Updates to the Registry

Programmatic Updates to the Registry
You can update the registry from within your application. This is most useful when saving application information that may change from session to session. For example, you may want your application to save the placement and size of the application window as well as options selected by the user.

MFC provides registry support through member functions of the CWinApp class. For more sophisticated manipulation of the registry, use API calls, as described below.

Registry Support in MFC

To programmatically work with data in the registry, the first step is to call CWinApp::SetRegistryKey. AppWizard will include a call to this function in your CWinApp-derived InitInstance function.

BOOL CMyApp::InitInstance()
{
//...
SetRegistryKey("_T("Local AppWizard-Generated Applications"));
//...
}

SetRegistryKey is used to select the "Company Name" key in the registry. You, as a developer, will change the AppWizard-generated string to the name of your company. If the key is not found when the call is made, one will be created in the registry. Under the company name key, the framework will also generate a subkey using the name of the application as the subkey name. It is under this key where reads and writes to the registry occur for your application. By default, MFC stores application-specific data under HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\<CompanyName>\<ApplicationName>\<SectionName>. "SectionName" is a string that you specify when reading or writing a particular key value; it can be used to organize the location of the saved values.

To create an .ini file that is compatible with 16-bit Windows applications, remove the call to SetRegistryKey. The framework will create the file using the application's name as the .ini file name and will place it in the WIndows directory.

CWinApp provides four functions for reading and writing key values. The following table describes them.

Function Name Description

CWinApp::WriteProfileString Writes a string value to a key in a given section. If the specified section or key does not exist, it is created. A NULL value for the string value will delete the key.

CWinApp::GetProfileString Reads a string value from a key in a given section. A default return value can be specified if the key is not found.

CWinApp::WriteProfileInt Writes an integer value to a key in a given section. If the specified section or key does not exist, it is created. A NULL value for the integer value will delete the key.

CWinApp::GetProfileInt Reads an integer value from a key in a given section. A default return value can be specified if the key is not found.



Use the integer functions for storing and retrieving integer-like values. Use the string functions for all other values. Functions such as CString::Format and sscanf can be used to do the conversion between the string and desired data type.

To see sample code that shows how to read from and write to the registry programmatically, click this icon.

// Class definition file
class CPhraseApp : public CWinApp
{
...
CString m_defaultPhrase;
CPoint m_defaultLocation;
COLORREF m_defaultColor;
...
}
// Class implementation file
// Phrase Initialization
BOOL CPhraseApp::InitInstance()
{
...
// Force all subsequent calls to "Profile" functions
// to read and write from the registry under the key
// HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\MasteringVisualC++\Phrase
SetRegistryKey("MasteringVisualC++");
// Call "Profile" functions for registry information
LoadPhraseDefaults();
...
}

void CPhraseApp::LoadPhraseDefaults()
{// Load information from the registry
CString msg;
msg.LoadString(IDS_WELCOME_MSG);
int r, g, b;
m_defaultPhrase =
GetProfileString ("Settings", "DefaultPhrase", msg);
m_defaultLocation.x =
GetProfileInt ("Settings", "X-location", 100);
m_defaultLocation.y =
GetProfileInt ("Settings", "Y-location", 100);
r = GetProfileInt ("Settings", "Red-intensity", 0);
g = GetProfileInt ("Settings", "Green-intensity", 0);
b = GetProfileInt ("Settings", "Blue-intensity", 0);
m_defaultColor = RGB(r,g,b);
}
int CPhraseApp::ExitInstance()
{// Save information to the registry
WriteProfileString ("Settings", "DefaultPhrase", m_defaultPhrase);
WriteProfileInt ("Settings", "X-location", m_defaultLocation.x);
WriteProfileInt ("Settings", "Y-location", m_defaultLocation.y);
WriteProfileInt ("Settings", "Red-intensity", GetRValue(m_defaultColor));
WriteProfileInt ("Settings", "Green-intensity", GetGValue(m_defaultColor));
WriteProfileInt ("Settings", "Blue-intensity", GetBValue(m_defaultColor));
return CWinApp::ExitInstance();
}

Registry Support in the Win32 API

For information about registry support in the API, search for "RegCreateKeyEx," "RegDeleteKey," "RegEnumKey," "RegOpenKeyEx," and "RegQueryInfoKey" in Visual C++ Help.

Self-Check Questions

1. Which one of the following statements is true about the registry?
A. Like .ini files, the registry is a text-based storage for configuration information.
B. Text-based registry entry files that usually have the extension .reg can be used to update the registry.
C. There are four primary branches, called "keys," in the registry.
D. The registry editors supplied with Windows NT or Windows 95 make backup copies of changes and only commit these changes when you exit the editor.

2. Which one of the following statements is true about MFC's programmatic support of the registry?
A. You must override CWinApp::SetRegistryKey to cause the application settings to be stored in the registry instead of an .ini file.
B. MFC's registry functions can be used to manage any key in the registry.
C. Registry functions are typically used in the overridden CWinApp::InitInstance and CWinApp::ExitInstance functions.
D. Binary data is typically written to the registry by using CWinApp::WriteProfileString.
3. Which one of the following statements about MFC serialization is true?
A. Both SDI and MDI applications can use CDocument::OnNewDocument for per-document initialization, and CDocument::DeleteContents for per-document cleanup.
B. The information to be serialized can be located in any of the framework classes.
C. MFC serialization supports incremental transfers and random access to information.
D. CDocument::SetModified must be called before serialization writes can occur.

4. Which of the following types is supported by MFC's serialization operators, the archive insertion (<<), and extraction (>>) operators?
A. int
B. CObject
C. CObList
D. DWORD
5. Which of the following conditions or steps is not required to add support for serialization to a class?
A. The class must be publicly derived from CObject or a class derived from CObject.
B. The class declaration must declare both an overridden version of CObject::Serialize and invocation of the
DECLARE_SERIAL macro.
C. The class implementation file must contain the implementation for Serialize and an invocation of the IMPLEMENT_SERIAL macro.
D. Each class in an application must have different, sequentially numbered schema.

Lab 11.1: Persisting Data

In this lab, you will write the code to serialize document and state data for an application.

Estimated time to complete this lab: 40 minutes
To complete the exercises in this lab, you must have the required software. For detailed information about the labs and setup for the labs, see Labs in this course.

Objectives

After completing this lab, you will be able to:

® Transfer data between a document's collection and a data file.
® Save and retrieve application state data in the registry.

Prerequisites

There are no prerequisites for this lab.

Exercises

The following exercises provide practice with the concepts and techniques covered in this chapter:

® Exercise 1: Implementing Serialization

In this exercise, you will implement serialization for an application's document, which consists of a single collection of polygon and text items. Here you will implement transferring data between the document's collection and a data file.

® Exercise 2: Saving State Data to the Registry

In this exercise, you will serialize application-state information. You will load the most recently used data file and the view on it, and you will recall the view options on that data file. In addition, you will add code to set your company's registry key in the user's registry.

Exercise 1: Implementing Serialization

The code that forms the basis for this exercise is in \Labs\Ch11\Lab01\Baseline. Copy these files to your working directory.

In this exercise, you will implement serialization for an application's document, which consists of a single collection of polygon and text items. Here you will implement transferring data between the document's collection and a data file.

Edit the Serialize function in CPolyEditDoc

— Replace the if/else code with a direct call to the collection's serialization function. This function will, in turn, call each of the collection members’ serialization functions.

// Serialize the items in the list.
m_items.Serialize(ar);

Edit the Serialize function in CItem

— Within the inner brackets, add code to check the direction flag and then either to store or load the variable.

CItem, the base class for polygons and text objects, maintains a position member variable for the object.

if (ar.IsStoring())
{
ar << m_pos;
}
else
{
ar >> m_pos;
}

Edit the Serialize function in CPolygon
— Within the inner brackets, add code to serialize the polygon's brush, border, and position data.

CPolygon is the class that represents polygons in the document. Each polygon object maintains its brush and border properties as well as an array of data points.

if (ar.IsStoring())
{
// Serialize brush properties
ar << m_styleBrush;
ar << m_colorBrush;
ar << m_hatchBrush;
// Serialize border properties
ar << m_colorLine;
ar << m_styleLine;
ar << m_thickLine;

// Serialize the position data

int count= GetSize();
ar << count;
for (int idx=0; idx<count; idx++)
ar << m_pts[idx];
}
else
{
// Serialize brush properties
ar >> m_styleBrush;
ar >> m_colorBrush;
ar >> m_hatchBrush;

// Serialize border properties

ar >> m_colorLine;
ar >> m_styleLine;
ar >> m_thickLine;

// Serialize the position data

int count;
ar >> count;
for (int idx=0; idx<count; idx++)
{
CPoint pt;
ar >> pt;
m_pts.Add(pt);
}
}

Edit the Serialize function in CText

— Within the inner brackets, add code to serialize the text object's string, color, and font data.

CText is the class for representing text in the document. Each object contains a CString, a color, and a LOGFONT structure containing font information. Remember that the base class, CItem, maintains the positional information.

if (ar.IsStoring())
{
ar << m_string;
ar << m_color;
ar.Write(&m_lf, sizeof(m_lf));
}
else
{
ar >> m_string;
ar >> m_color;
ar.Read(&m_lf, sizeof(m_lf));
}

Edit NewPolygon in CPolyEditDoc
1. Before the call to UpdateAllViews, insert the following code. SetModifiedFlag informs the framework that document data has changed. This will serve to prompt the user to have the file saved before quitting. Search for other occurrences of this call in the project.
SetModifiedFlag();
2. Build and run the application.
3. Test this version of the application by creating a new document and adding several polygons and text objects. Save the document and then clear the current view by opening up a new document. Using the FileOpen menu, open the document you just saved.
You can find the code for this completed exercise in \Labs\Ch11\Lab01\Ex01.

Exercise 2: Saving State Data to the Registry

Continue working with the files you created in Exercise 1, or you can find the code that forms the basis for this exercise in \Labs\Ch11\Lab01\Ex01.

In this exercise, you will serialize application-state information. In particular, you will load the most recently used data file and the view on it, and you will recall the view options on that data file. In addition, you will add code to set your company's registry key in the user's registry.

Edit InitInstance in CPolyEditApp

1. Search for the call to SetRegistryKey. Replace the existing call with the following:
SetRegistryKey(_T("Microsoft Mastering Series"));
2. In the same function and between the calls to ParseCommandLine and ProcessShellCommand, add the following code. This code will inform the framework that the most recently used file is to be loaded at startup of the application.
// check that the user did not specify filename on command line.
if (cmdInfo.m_strFileName == "")
{
CString lastFileUsed= GetProfileString("Recent File List", "File1",NULL);
if (lastFileUsed != "")
{
cmdInfo.m_strFileName = lastFileUsed;
cmdInfo.m_nShellCommand = CCommandLineInfo::FileOpen;
}
}


Edit CPolyEditView
1. Add the following code to the destructor to save the application view state and option selections upon quitting.
// View scale
CString strScale;
strScale.Format("%lg",m_scale);
AfxGetApp()->WriteProfileString("Settings", "Scale", strScale);

// View center

AfxGetApp()->WriteProfileInt("Settings", "CenterX", m_x);
AfxGetApp()->WriteProfileInt("Settings", "CenterY", m_y);

// View options

AfxGetApp()->WriteProfileInt("Settings", "ShowInnerBox", m_bShowInnerBox);
AfxGetApp()->WriteProfileInt("Settings", "ShowOrigin", m_bShowOrigin);

2. Edit the CPolyEditView constructor. Replace the code that initializes the view and options with the following code. This code will obtain the settings that were stored in the registry to initialize the view.

// View scale
CString strScale = AfxGetApp()->GetProfileString("Settings", "Scale", "1.0");
sscanf(strScale,"%lg", &m_scale);

// View center

m_x = AfxGetApp()->GetProfileInt("Settings", "CenterX", 0);
m_y = AfxGetApp()->GetProfileInt("Settings", "CenterY", 0);

// View options

int option;
option = AfxGetApp()->GetProfileInt("Settings", "ShowInnerBox", 1);
m_bShowInnerBox = option ? true : false;
option = AfxGetApp()->GetProfileInt("Settings", "ShowOrigin", 1);
m_bShowOrigin = option ? true : false;
3. Build and run the application.
4. Test it by creating a document and adjusting the zoom level and center values. Quit the application and then restart it. The view should contain the same document and view parameters.

You can find the code for this completed exercise in \Labs\Ch11\Lab01\Ex02.

Schema Numbering

Schema Numbering

Over time, and given changes in versions, a program often changes the data set contained within its document class. This could become a source of serious errors, because a file saved with a previous version of a program could be erroneously loaded into a newer version. For example, suppose a document contains a pointer to an object of class CSerializedPhrase, version 1. If the class CSerializedPhrase is then updated to version 2 to include additional data members, the application must keep the document from inadvertently using the new version, or errors will result.

To guard against version changes that cause errors, your application can use and check a schema number, which represents the version of the dataset composition or format of your serializable class. When you change the data members in the serializable class, you should also change the schema number of that class. In order to take advantage of schema numbering, there are issues to be handled in both the serializable class and in the document class.

Using a Schema Number in the Serializable Class

To use schema numbering in a serializable class, you need to add code. To see sample code that shows how to add serialization with schema numbering to the serializable class, click this icon.
// Serializ.cpp : implementation file
// Defines version as 1 and "versionable"
IMPLEMENT_SERIAL(CSerializedPhrase, CObject, VERSIONABLE_SCHEMA | 1)
CSerializedPhrase::CSerializedPhrase()
{
}
void CSerializedPhrase::Serialize(CArchive & ar)
{
int nVersion;
// The base function is called first.
CObject::Serialize(ar);
if (ar.IsLoading())
{
nVersion = ar.GetObjectSchema();
switch (nVersion)
{
case -1:
::AfxMessageBox("Unknown Version");
break;
case 1:
::AfxMessageBox("Version 1");
ar >> m_phrase >> m_location >> m_color;
break;
default:
::AfxMessageBox("Future version");
}
}
else
// Files are always saved in the current version.
ar << m_phrase << m_location << m_color;
}

Using a Schema Number in the Document Class

In addition to adding the necessary code to a serializable class to use schema numbering, there are conditions in the document that must be met in order to get the correct schema number.

If the document calls Serialize directly, the call to CArchive::GetObjectSchema in the serializable class's Serialize function will always return – 1, indicating an unknown version number. To see sample code that illustrates this problem, click this icon.
// An Example of Problems with Schema Numbering
class CPhraseDoc : public CDocument
{
...
CSerializedPhrase m_Phrase;
// or
CSerializedPhrase * m_pPhrase;
...
};
CPhraseDoc:: CPhraseDoc()
{
m_pPhrase = new CSerializedPhrase;
}
void CPhraseDoc::Serialize(CArchive & ar)
{
//Warning: In both cases below, a -1 is returned
// in the serializable class instead of
// the object's schema number
m_Phrase.Serialize(ar);
// or
m_pPhrase ->Serialize(ar);
}
Taking Advantage of Schema Numbering
To guard against serious errors, use the following steps to have your application use and check a schema number.

To get schema numbering to work correctly

1. Define a pointer to the serializable class in the document's definition file.

2. Initialize that pointer to 0 in the document's constructor.

3. Use the archive class's overloaded << and >> operators for serialization on that pointer.

To see sample code that shows the method of doing serialization in the document so that schema numbering will work correctly, click this icon.
// PhrasDoc.cpp : implementation file
CPhraseDoc :: CPhraseDoc()
:m_pPhrase(0)
{
// ...
}
void CPhraseDoc::Serialize(CArchive & ar)
{
if (ar.IsLoading())
ar >> m_pPhrase;
else
ar << m_pPhrase;
}
BOOL CPhraseDoc::OnNewDocument()
{
if (!CDocument::OnNewDocument())
return FALSE;
m_pPhrase = new CSerializedPhrase;
// fill object as appropriate
return TRUE;
}
void CPhraseDoc::DeleteContents()
{
delete m_pPhrase;
m_pPhrase = 0;
CDocument::DeleteContents();
}


For more information about persistence and schema numbering, search for "TN002: Persistent Object Data Format" in Visual C++ Help.

The Registry
One purpose of the registry is to store information that will be used by an application from one session to the next. Most recently used files, application-specific folders, and user-selected options are commonly stored in the registry.

In past versions, Windows stored application information in .ini files. This storage method posed a number of problems, however, because the settings for each application were stored in a separate file that could be easily deleted, moved, or modified by the user. The registry makes the storage of configuration information for all applications more manageable by placing it in a single location: the registry database.

Another difference between the registry and .ini files is how the data is stored. While .ini files are written to as text — either by an application or by someone using a text editor — the registry is binary. Its contents are accessible through a tool, RegEdit, or accessible programmatically by means of CWinApp methods.

This section explains the registry in more detail. First, it discusses the organization of the registry database. Then it explains how to view and edit the information contained in the registry using the registry editor. Finally, it shows you two techniques for manipulating the registry from within your application: through registry entry files and programmatic access to the registry through CWinApp methods.

This section includes the following topics:

Registration Database Structure

The registration database (another name for the registry) is a hierarchical database of configuration information. At the root of the hierarchy are six predefined primary keys, or branches, that provide entry points into the registry. The primary keys contain keys, which can contain other keys. Keys can also contain values. A value associates a keyword parameter with a configuration value, which is similar to the entries in an .ini file, except that the data itself is binary. To see an illustration that contains sample keys and their values, click this icon.





Predefined Primary Keys

The following table lists the six primary keys that provide entry points into the registry, and their purpose.

Key name Purpose

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT Contains software configuration information, particularly for use with COM objects. Includes file extensions /application associations, drag-and-drop protocols, printing configurations, and what to do when a file name receives a double-click.HKEY_CURRENT_USER Contains user-specific settings for the system and applications. Created when the user logs on, and is loaded to this key from that user's entry in HKEY_USERS. MFC applications store registry information under this primary key.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE Contains specifications for the computer and drivers and other system settings for the type of hardware installed. Entries in this section are shared by all users of the system.HKEY_USERS Contains information about all the users who log on to the computer. Includes both user-specific information and generic user information. Generic system settings are available to all users of the system.HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG Contains information about the current configuration of the hardware that is attached to a dockable computer that supports multiple configurations.HKEY_DYN_DATA Contains the dynamic status information for various devices. This information is used in the implementation of Plug and Play technology.The Registry Editor

The registry editor provides a graphical interface to view and edit the key hierarchy and values within the registration database.

Viewing the Registry

To view the registry, run RegEdit. The left pane of RegEdit contains a tree view of the database with the primary keys at the root of the view. Key values that contain other keys can be expanded and collapsed in this view. The right view contains keys and their values at the currently selected key in the Tree View pane. Keys can be modified, renamed, or deleted by right-clicking on the key name in the right pane.

To see an illustration that shows how RegEdit displays information about application-specific keys in the registry, click this icon.





Modifying the Registry Safely

You should take care when changing registry settings. Any changes that you make to the registration database take effect immediately. There is no separate Save command in the registry editor.

If there is an error in your registry, your computer may become nonfunctional. If this happens in Windows 95, you can restore the registry to its previous state when you last successfully started your computer.

The following procedure is from the Windows 95 Registry Editor online Help.

To restore the registry in the Windows 95 operating system

1. Click Start, and then click Shut Down.
2. Click Restart the computer in MS-DOS mode, and then click Yes.
3. Switch to your Windows directory. For example, if your Windows directory is C:\Windows, you would type the following:

cd c:\windows

4. Type the following commands, pressing ENTER after each one. (Note that System.da0 and User.da0 contain the number zero.)
attrib -h -r -s system.dat
attrib -h -r -s system.da0
copy system.da0 system.dat
attrib -h -r -s user.dat
attrib -h -r -s user.da0
copy user.da0 user.dat
5. Restart your computer.

Registry Entry Files

A registry entry file is a text file that contains data for the registration database. When the registry editor processes a registry entry file, it uses the information contained there to add and update values within the registration database. Registry entry files cannot be used to remove information from the database.

Registry Entry File Structure

Structurally, registry entry files are simple. The typical file extension is .reg. The first line contains the single word REGEDIT to mark the file as a registry entry file. Comments are marked by an initial semicolon and continue to the end of the line. Individual entries appear one per line in the following format:

branch\key name = value

For example, a registry entry file might appear as follows:
REGEDIT ; This .REG file may be used by your SETUP program.
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.PHR = Phrase.Document


Registry Entry File Use

Setup programs use registry entry files to register their data files for shell activation. A setup program calls the registry editor and passes the registry entry file name to it as a command-line argument. The file is verified by ensuring that the first line of the file contains REGEDIT, and then the individual entries are parsed and added to the database.

Creating a Registry Entry File with AppWizard

You can use AppWizard to create a registry entry file for your application. To see an illustration of the Advanced Options dialog box in Step 4 of AppWizard, which is used to set a default file extension for documents associated with your application, click this icon.





To see a sample registry entry file, click this icon.



; phrase.reg

REGEDIT; This .REG file may be used by your SETUP program.
; If a SETUP program is not available, the entries below will be
; registered in your InitInstance automatically with a call to
; CWinApp::RegisterShellFileTypes and COleObjectFactory::UpdateRegistryAll.

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.PHR = Phrase.Document
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Phrase.Document\shell\open\command = PHRASE.EXE %1
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Phrase.Document\shell\open\ddeexec = [open("%1")]
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Phrase.Document\shell\open\ddeexec\application = PHRASE
; note: the application is optional
; (it defaults to the app name in "command")
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Phrase.Document = Phrase Document